Vivienne Westwood Designer Report Essay Example for Free

Vivienne Westwood Designer Report Essay Vivienne Westwood, born on April 8 1941 is a British fashion Designer and businesswoman, largely responsible for bringing modern punk and new wave fashions into the mainstream. (Price) Westwood was born Vivienne Isabel Swire in the village of Tintwistle Derbyshire, daughter of Gordon Swire and Dora Swire. At age 17, Vivienne and her family moved to Harrow, London. She studied at the Harrow School of Art University of Westminster, taking fashion and silversmithing but she left after one term saying, â€Å"I didn’t know how a working class girl like me could possibly make a living in the art world. After taking a job in a factory and studying at a teacher training college, she became a primary school teacher. During this period, she also created her own jewelry which she would sell at a stall on Portobello Road in London (Susannah) In 1961 at age 20, Vivienne Swire met Derek Westwood, a Hoover factory apprentice in Harrow. They married in July 1962 and Vivienne made her own wedding dress for the ceremony. Vivienne and Derek’s marriage lasted three years with Vivienne continuing to teach while making jewelry. At around this time she met Malcolm McLaren (Susannah) When she met Malcolm McLaren, it signified the end of Westwoods marriage to Derek. Westwood and McLaren moved to a council flat in Clapham. Westwood continued to teach until 1971 when Malcolm decided to open a boutique at 430 Kings Road called Let It Rock (later known variously as Sex, Too Fast to Live Too Young to Die, and Seditionaries† and now Worlds Ends, where Westwood sells her Vivienne Westwood label clothing. Westwood created clothes which McLaren conceived, drawing inspiration from bikers, fetishists and prostitutes. During this period, McLaren became manager of the punk band Sex Pistols and subsequently the two garnered attention as the band wore Westwood and McLarens designs. Westwood was deeply interested in the punk fashion phenomenon of the 1970s, saying I was messianic about punk, seeing if one could put a spoke in the system in some way. (Alejandra) The punk style included BDSM fashion, bondage gear, safety pins, razor blades, bicycle or lavatory chains on clothing and spiked dog collars for jewelry, as well as outrageous make-up and hair. Essential design elements include the adoption of traditional elements of Scottish esign such as tartan fabric. In the 1980s, John Fairchild named the young Westwood one of the six most influential designers of our times in his fashion bible, the Womens Wear Daily. Her first catwalk show was presented in 1981, featuring the collaboration of Westwood and McLaren. The theme that year was Pirates. Since then, she has won British Designer of the Year three times. (The Design Museum) She dubbed the period 1981 to 1985, new romantic and 1988 -1991 The Pagan Years during which Vivienne’s heroes changed from punks and ragamuffins to ‘Tatler’ girls wearing clothes that parodied the upper class. The period from 1993 to 1999 she called Anglomania and from 2000 to the present – Exploration. Vivienne Westwood revolutionized fashion, and her impact can still be felt. Her clothes are full of historical references, particularly to the 17th and 18th century, which serve as an inexhaustible source of inspiration for her. In addition, with her own technique for draping and pattern cutting, Westwood creates clothes with a characteristic volume, continually amazing her public. As for her latest collection, the pieces continue to reveal her glam, rock and rebel spirit. More now than ever, the designer was also chosen by Disneyland Paris and Unicef (along with 24 other designers) to relook the fairy tale princesses. The most fortunate among us who dream of a haute couture princess gown will be able to procure Snow Whites dress by Vivienne Westwood. Vivienne Westwoods influence in her taste for the eccentric and the provocative can be found today at John Galliano, Alexander McQueen, Stella McCartney and even Viktor Rolf. These stylists attended the school of she who once declared, My secret? Always keep them guessing

Leadership at Nestle

Leadership at Nestle Leadership: â€Å"Leadership is the art of getting someone else to do something you want done because he wants to do it.† (Dwight D. Eisenhower).One more definition of leadership is getting things done by others. Leadership is an important phenomenon in the dimension of managing people because leadership is directly concerned with the styles, tools and techniques for getting things done through the other people. (Bass, 1991) Leadership can be meant different for different people in different environments and perspectives. Leadership may be political, religious, community or organizational, (DePree, 1990) the common thing among all of them is that leaders are responsible to provide guideline to whom they are charged with the responsibility to lead. The concept of leadership is emerged from the organized efforts and mostly related to the presence of organized and disciplined action (Kellerman, 2004). So the leadership is all about the presence of some organization. Without an organization t here is no concept of leadership. One thing Organization is basically collection of individuals who are working together to achieve some common purpose or purposes. Interaction and socially construction is the base of today’s leadership. Leadership in organizations and appropriate leadership style for different types of organizations is a hot topic of discussion among researchers for a long time. As leader is responsible to use his management skills in a way that his followers achieve their destinations in an easy and smooth manner so the way a leader adopt for leading has really a great importance. (Bolden, 2005) Today almost everyone knows about nestle and uses the products made by nestle in daily life. Nestle is a Swiss based company, having the edge of being a multinational it’s the world’s largest and ranked as no. 1 food company of world with more than 447 factories located in 194 countries of world and having more than 333,000 employees around the globe (nestleusa, 2015). Having such a huge work force demands from the company that it should have some appropriate leadership values and structures to guide its managers in decision making and to deal with the problems related to diverse culture and increased diversity within organization. Rather than maintaining the formal authorities given by organization, it’s the responsibility of managers at Nestle to inspire the people and add value for company and add value for society at large. Such a motivation and commitment results in increasing the value for organization. Due to rapid change in external environment and severe competition which was unpredictable in past and requires the managers to develop some enhanced capabilities which can be described in following principles formulated by Nestle. Principles of Leadership at Nestle: Lead for winning: Credibility development through proper leadership style, achievement and coherent action. Based on the nature of situation and culture of a particular environment proper leadership styles are applied by managers in their different work units. Managers at Nestle think about a phenomena from different perspectives in a way which leads toward innovation. Employees are provided with the opportunity of taking risk and openness to new experiences which many times leads to the mistakes but they are tolerate able if the mistakes are becoming the source of learning and employees are commited to learn from them. Innovation needs experiments and not every experiment brings favourable results, but some can entirely change the way the work was done and managed. So all these experiments are possible when the management is ready to tolerate the results of failures, which is the case of Nestle (Nestle-family, 2015). Management of expectations and alignment of every action with the overall or corporate strategy of company is the key factor of success for company and the importance of both of them is recognized on every level by Nestle. Balanced lifestyle, good level of general and professional education, responsible behaviour are the key characteristics of managers at Nestle which when they lead by example shifts toward the employees on every level. All of such actions and demonstrations make it possible to lead for winning. Management for results: Maintaining exposure in the situations of intense pressure while in the same time maintaining the temperament and capacity of taking initiatives and risks is most of the times very difficult for managers. Effectively and efficiently managing between these both extremes is the difference between being just a manager and being a leader. Managers at Nestle are trained for managing them. Business units at local level, regional level, corporate and global level requires synergy. Which is the result of deep level of proactive cooperation among all of them. Leaders at Nestle are trained for creating synergy on all levels. Change is inevitable and but managing the consequences of change is the responsibility of a leader and the effective management results in managing the change in a way that produces favourable results for organization like Nestle. All the above leadership practices results in achieving business objectives in a way that the compliance is maintained with sustainable practices. Grow teams and Talent: Nestle ensures personal commitment of its employees toward their work and achieving their individual goals so that the overall goals of organization become able to meet which results in promoting the organizational success. Company develop the leaders of tomorrow by addressing them and allowing them to progress in the area which provides them the opportunity to expand their capabilities on individual and group levels. For developing the leaders of tomorrow company understands the extent to which the continuous learning and sharing of ideas in a free manner is important. Employees can never know about their exact performance and until they are provided with the honest and fair feedback from their managers which includes performance appraisal in a way that respect of employee will never be shaken on any step. Doing all these leadership practices, management at Nestle is always conscious abut maintain the exact balance of diversity and gender prevails in the organization. Competing and connecting externally: Continuously looking toward the ways to satisfy the consumers in most innovative way and attracting the new customers in a compelling way is also the part of leadership practices at Nestle. Nestle believes in an outside in perspective for customers and inside in for the employees of organization and seeks good business relations with all the stakeholders. Diversity: Diversity is an important debate in organizational circles for a long period of time. Some organizations try their best to increase diversity in their work settings while others pose their every action against it. So think that the diversity can enhance the productivity because of many different ideas from different thinking while other claim that due to diversity there are conflicts among employees which results in low productivity and wastage of time. Through empirical analysis Researchers declared that the diversity is beneficial for an organization if the differences among the employee are managed properly (Williams, 1998). Approaches for managing differences: There are two common approaches for managing differences in the work place. 1. Avoidance 2. Repression. Avoidance is the strategy mostly used by risk adverse management and Repression approach is used when management wants to discourage the disagreement. The factors which must be uppermost in selecting most appropriate approach for managing differences are avoidance or avoiding the difference, conflict, tolerance and appreciation. (Carole G. Parker, 2009) Conflict is the top level of the differences, it is sometimes also names as war. On the initial level the individuals become aware of the differences among them, such differences afterwards results in discomfort which afterwards results in annoyance, then irritation, then tension, then frustration, disagreement, anger, hostility step by step and finally results in conflict or war (Guillaume, 2014). Through the use of emotional intelligence one can select the most appropriate way or action to manage conflict. In case of avoidance there is an opportunity to learn more about the difference before taking an action. In tolerance the participants actively engaged in the situation of difference rather than remaining silent and just observing the phenomenon. In conflict there is direct judgement of others action and declaring them good or bad. Appreciation of differences results in a good level of personal development of individual and growth. (Triana, 2014) The individuals tend to speak with freedom and without any kind of fear. In selecting the most appropriate approach for managing differences the manager should consider the appropriate action or combination of factors among avoidance, conflict, appreciation and tolerance according to the nature of situation. Why is it necessary to maintain a well-balanced work environment? It is necessary to maintain a well-balanced work environment in the term of diversity because diversity offers the organizations to face its difficulties through new and innovative ways. There are lot of opportunities for organizations to avail from the differences among the employees. When two or more varied thinkers think on a phenomenon, they can consider it in a more creative way than they can think individually. So a well-balanced work environment results in creativity. (Choi, 2014) Innovation is a result of thinking in new ways. When many of the diverse employees work together to achieve some common objective. For everyone the phenomenon appears in a different angle and different perspectives and at last everyone proposes his own solution to the problem which results in innovation. When different employees work in a different style in the work environment their diverse experience results in learning for the other employees which are working in traditional manners. Beside the advantages of diversity many disadvantages are also associated with diversity such as communication barriers, thinking style differences, which many times results in non-productive conflict in organization (Australian Govt, 2014). It is necessary therefore that the work environment should be well balanced in term of diversity to get the advantages of it and for avoiding its disadvantages. Diversity at Nestle: Nestle is always an equal opportunity employer and always appreciates diversity in organization. The management is of the opinion that diverse employees are the reason behind such a tremendous success of organization. Nestle has the slogan that â€Å"Our differences make us stronger†. Company is of the opinion that the unique people with unique backgrounds bring their unique perspectives and experiences with them. In Nestle the voice of every individual from every background is not only heard but also appreciated. The goal of company is to attract the best workforce from diverse backgrounds and retain them. The company believes that these employees can create such products which are liked by the customers all over the world. Having the diverse workforce like Nestle has not only benefits the company but also the employees and the societies from which they belong to. Nestle has its own recruiting system which is called as â€Å"Symposium for Diverse Leaders of Tomorrow† through which the recruitment and selection of employees from different background is done. Furthermore Nestle also actively participates in different MBA recruiting programs including Consortium for Graduate Study in Management Orientation Program (CGSM OP). Through these selection programs the fresh graduates of universities are selected on merit basis without considering the backgrounds, races from whom they belong to. For encouraging the diversity in organization and let the employees share their knowledge experiences and best practices Nestle has promoted many ethnic groups such as â€Å"Nestlà © Black Employees Association (NBEA)†, Nestlà © Women’s Network (NWN) for promoting the exact gender balance in the organization. Further Nestlà © Hispanic Employees Association (NHEA) is also working for the promotion of interests of Hispanic employees in organization. The purpose of making all these associations and organizations is to gather the employees from diverse backgrounds on a platform where they can share their experiences about how to make the company a better place to work (NestleUSA, 2015). The company is of the opinion that the employees from diverse backgrounds are asset for the organization and these employees are in fact the source of competitive advantage for the company. References: Australian Govt. (2014). The benefits of workforce diversity. Retrieved 4 26, 2015, from http://www.apsc.gov.au/apsinduction/module-6/benefits Bass, B. M. (1991). From transactional to transformational leadership: Learning to share the vision. Organizational dynamics,, 18(3), 19-31. Bolden, R. (2005). What is leadership development: purpose and practice?. . University of Exeter, Centre for Leadership Studies. Carole G. Parker. (2009). THE EMOTIONAL CONNECTION OF DISTINGUISHING DIFFERENCES AND CONFLICT. In Understanding and Managing Diversity (5th ed., pp. 41-45). Pearson. Choi, S. . (2014). Organizational Fairness and Diversity Management in Public Organizations Does Fairness Matter in Managing Diversity?. . Review of Public Personnel Administration,, 307-331. DePree, M. (1990). What is leadership? Planning Review,, 18(4), 14-41. Guillaume, Y. R. (2014). Managing diversity in organizations: An integrative model and agenda for future research. European journal of work and organizational psychology,, 23(5), 783-802. Kellerman, B. (2004). Thinking about leadership. Warts and all. Harvard Business Review,, 82(1), 40-45. Nestle-family. (2015, 6 22). Nestle-family. Retrieved from Nestle family.com: http://www.nestle-family.com/assets/downloads/The-Nestle-Management-and-Leadership-Principles.pdf nestleusa. (2015, 6 20). Retrieved from nestleusa.com: http://www.nestleusa.com/about-us NestleUSA. (2015, 4 20). Diversity. Retrieved from .nestleusa.com: http://careers.nestleusa.com/diversity Triana, M. C. (2014, January 5). Organizational Diversity Efforts and Employee Discrimination Claims: Organizational Motives Matter. Academy of Management Proceedings, p. 10784. Williams, K. Y. (1998). Demography and diversity in organizations: A review of 40 years of research. Research in organizational behavior, , 77-140.

Twelve Angry Men Essay -- essays research papers

Twelve Angry Men is a very interesting play about an unfortunate young man, who was convicted of killing his dad. The worst part was, the young man was only nineteen, and his life was just starting. The jurors listened to all the evidence, then came the hard part, making the decision: guilty, or innocent. Eleven jurors said guilty and only one said innocent. There was a lot of peer pressure involved. I decided to write about different peer pressures three of the jurors used. The three jurors I picked are juror #10, juror #7, and juror #8.The first juror I want to write about is #10. Juror #10 was using a lot of sarcasm, whenever he was trying to prove his point, or prove someone else wrong. I think that this method of peer pressure is one of the most powerful ones. I believes so, because when you are embarrassed in front of 11 other people (in this case jurors) you do not know, really lowers your self-esteem. It may lower it to the point where you will say guilty, eve though deep down inside, you will feel that the person is innocent. This is a quote I picked to illustrate sarcasm skillfully used by #10: "You're a pretty smart fellow, aren't you?" I think this one sentence could really put anyone down, and make anyone feel embarrassed, and maybe stupid. Another juror I decided to write about is #7. He was muscle flexing most of the time. Muscle flexing means, he was raising his voice, even screaming at everyone, as if he was the boss. Whenever #8 was trying to ...

Training Of Principals Of Secondary Schools In Nwfp Education Essay

Introduction:Indeed instruction provides a paved manner in development of the states. The everlasting enterprise to do the lives comfy and the quenchless thirst to examine into truth made the people to set away strenuous tests to convey such an detonation in cognition in assorted aspects.A Consequently, today adult male has secured power to make energy, to cultivate land, to conserve H2O, and do its effectual use.A This is possible because of needed involvement on cognition, which can be imparted though instruction. A Education is an apprenticeship of human life and a critical demand to ensue at natural, harmonious and progressive development of kid ‘s latent powers and innate talents.A Thus the basic purpose of instruction is the overall growing of an person which in its bend enhances the growing of the society.A Various strategies were launched to accomplish the trademark of entire literacy before the morning of the millenary. Hence, the schoolrooms have assumed a prevailing place in accomplishing the purposes and aims of education.A In this connexion this is right clip to research the demand to see the preparation and refreshment coders for the instructor ‘s community. The intent of every preparation is to supply pedagogues with an chance to engauge in find acquisition and to devolepe strategeies to learn about the maintance of independency, the fundamental law, the basicss rights and utilizing instruction for societal economic development of the state. The philophiy of preparation is to make and heighten the sense of leading. Leadership is the activity of act uponing people to collaborate toward some end which they come to happen desirable. A leader is non supposed to oblige or subordinate or stamp over persons. But, he is expected to convey together, usher and assist people in developing ends and so to work together for the common ends efficaciously and merrily. his occupation is to show the end in an appealing mode to the people, to guarantee group cooperation and squad work strongest, to do the group loyal to the intent, and, among others, to demo and convert people how they are benefited by the intent. ( Ansari, A Q 1964 ) A echt involvement in the public assistance of even the humblest of the people under his leading, ability to animate assurance in them, house religion in the rules of his organisation, continuity and doggedness for the achievement of the coveted terminals, willingness to subordinate his personal desires to the involvement of the group, bent to understand people and their reactions and above all objectiveness and candor, are some of the more of import properties of leading. Besides, a leader must hold the capacity to presume full duty demanded by the place he occupies and to do determinations in the waistcoat involvements of the group. These are the qualities that can non be acquired entirely by undergoing a preset class of preparation or by possessing a peculiar grade of instruction. There are some who are gifted with these quilities and others who have acquired subject through difficult experience. Meneionad that successful and effectual workplace preparation plans go beyond reading, composing and arithmetic by associating these topics to occupation maps, undertakings and processs. Many grownups need to larn cardinal accomplishments to execute successfully in their professional occupations. But these accomplishments plans frequently fall short of our outlook because grownups learn otherwise from kids. The opening illustration of a traditional category may be a small extreme, but it illustrates some cardinal errors being made and jobs which must be overcome for the success workplace instruction program.the survey is intend to better the abilties of principals of commanding, direction and organasation as comparison to 1s in the past.it Si aaim to do them cognizant of the managerial accomplishment harmonizing to modern techonolgy and research. The current survey is an effort to get the better of the dificienes of the old preparation. This research survey analysis and compare both national and international instructional merterial for the preparation of leaders of secondry schools. It is designe to make full the gape of effectual leading and managerial accomplishme nt at secondry degree.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMIn this survey will be conducted to analyze the effectivity of treacher preparation in school direction. The criterion of the instruction is in Pakistan is really low. There are many factors which are lending to this phenomanen.one of these factors is the deteriorating professionalism of caput of the secondry school institutuion. They donot posessess the coveted qualities of mangment and leadership.this job is to be dealt in this survey by the development of the instructional stuffs for preparation of principals of secondry schools in KPK.htis survey fosters the state of affairs in written to the upper limit to bring forth a theoretical account insturtional meterila for the sweetening of leading nad direction preparation. The job to be dealt with in this survey is to develop instructional stuffs for preparation of principals of secondary schools in NWFP.SignificancePing-Man Wong 1990, investigated the refresher instructor preparation programmes offered by the Hong Kong Institute of Education. The survey chiefly focused that rating surveies are necessary to analyze that either these programmes are effectual in run intoing the demands of schools. The consequence of this research enterprise underscored that the refresher preparation programme is moneymaking tool, particularly for senior instructors who are responsible for managerial responsibilities. G. Keith Evans 2009, stated in her article that School decision makers, who range from places of principal to school support staff, must run into a changeless flow of demands related to pupil public presentation, human resources issues, physical installations and even fiscal duties. Assorted management-training plans developed specifically for school decision makers teach and reenforce critical direction constructs.OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDYTo analyse the instructional stuffs for the preparation of principals. To look into the significance refresher preparations. To place the demand of the instructional stuffs. To supply clear research inquiries that address countries of involvement fundamental to instructional stuff development. To develop an instructional stuff for the preparation of principals.LITERATURE REVIEWTeachers ‘ preparation is a critical portion of instruction. Therefore, all attempts of the educationalists, pedagogues and teachers are aimed at the undertaking of supplying better developing to the ‘would be instructors ‘ for their better instruction and proper growing, as a helper. No uncertainty, this duty can merely be exercised, if the pedagogues are equipped with the needed cognition of the topic concerned and trainees develop needed involvement in it. That ‘s why, it becomes indispensable for doing equal commissariats for each class to the instructors and every bit good as trainees. ( Rather 219 ) The school maestro plays an imperative function in the ground forces that battles for economic release of a state. But he ca n't direct its operations and will convey catastrophe if he is termed responsible for its scheme and tactics. It is adequate if, with an intelligent apprehension of the forces that animate the run, he devotes his energies to the recruiting field and to the animation and tainting of such officers and work forces as he phase of the run requires. ( Mayhew and James 119-146 ) . In the Post-Mao period ( 1976-88 ) , China entered a new period of socialist modernisation in which the declared end was to transform China ‘into a greater and powerful socialist state with modern agribusiness, industry, national defence and scientific discipline and engineering by the terminal of the present century. ( Eli: Valini 54-57 ) . The twelvemonth 1976 saw the shattering of the Gang of Four and the re-establishment of the Party ‘s Leadership in schools. Educational regulations and ordinances were revised and promulgated ; professional meetings were called to invent new learning programmes and compile new learning stuffs.Once once more the enterprise of educational cell ‘s for accomplishment and the enthusiasm of pupil for survey were brought into drama. Together they bit by bit restored order in instruction and improved instruction criterions. ( Guo: Valini 54-57 ) . Alongside the positive elements which political and diplomatic irresistible impulses had shaped, there besides existed of import restraints sing UNESCO ‘s attack to cardinal instruction. Although, the UNESCO fundamental law had endorsed the equality of educational chance as a basic human right, cautiousness was apparent in procuring an appropriate balance between cosmopolitan primary schooling and the agencies of accomplishing cosmopolitan instruction. It was to be an after-repeating case in point, the Secretariat sought the formation in 1946 of an ‘expert organic structure ‘ . In this instance the Commission on Fundamental Education, designed to work aboard the preparative committee, which was busily outlining the initial UNESCO programme. The experts were non responsible for driving up a programme of cardinal education- that was the secrrtariat undertaking. Rather, they were invited to place and analyse what they suppose to be good illustrations cardinal instruction work, and to pull their decision about the deductions for UNESCO. In general, the Commission ‘s work focused on regional studies of literacy, estimation of literacy degrees, and consideration of low literacy instruction was organized in many parts of the universe. ( Jones 50 ) There could be no cut and dried method either for detecting such work forces of for leaving the preparation.The methods to be employed are mostly determined by the fortunes obtaining and the demands felt in a given part or a given subdivision of concerted activity among the methods that were employed successfully by national organisations of hand in glove advanced states for leaving preparation are refresher and correspondence classs, survey groups and survey Tourss, seminars and summer cantonments. The trainees should be trained to shoulder duty and to depute authorization. In other words, they should be taught non simply how to make their occupations good, but besides how to assist other work forces do their occupations good.such seminars could be followed by the distribution among the participants, of specially prepared literature of other publications including periodicals prepared on these and allied facets of the capable affair. ( Ansari 89-95 ) The writer recognizes that the bing capable affair as taught would non suit the demands of prospective grownup pedagogues. In some establishments this defect could be remedied by using a coordinator. ( Lindeman 48-52 ) . Nelson describes: â€Å" learning theoretical account is a form or program, which can be used to determine a course of study or class, to choose instructional stuffs and to steer a instructor ‘s action. â€Å" ( 72 ) The four dimensions of course of study are: purposes of aims, content or capable affair, methods or processs, and rating or appraisal. the dimension refers to the grounds for including specific points in the course of study and excepting others. The 2nd dimension is content or capable affair and this refers to the cognition, accomplishments or temperaments which are inexplicit in the pick of points, and the manner that they are arranged. Aims may be understood as wide general justifications for including peculiar points and peculiar pedagogical procedures in the course of study ; or as clearly defined and closely represented results or behaviours ; or as a set of appropriate processs or experiences. The 3rd dimension is methods or processs and this refers to teaching method and is determined by picks made about the first two dimensions. The 4th dimension is assessment or rating and this refers to the agencies for finding whether the course of study has been successfully implemented. ( Scott 18-20 ) . EFA suggests: Special territory based direction programmes for District and School Management will be initiated with regular monitoring and appraisal for betterment of system and its merchandise quality and get the better of the direction spread. The preparation and occupation description for caput instructors should stipulate their functions and guiding and back up their instructor co-workers in mobilising community engagement In the school and in disposal, direction and care in the school. Teacher supply, preparation and supervising extremely synergistic, learner centered instruction and instructional stuffs shall be produced and utilized to guarantee quality instruction in future. ( 65-66 )METHOD AND PROCEDUREPopulation: all principals and senior instructors of female secondary schools and EEDOs of NWFP. Sample: All EEDOs and EDOs ( female ) , 120 principals ( 5 from each Distt ) and 240 senior instructors ( 10 from each Distt ) will be the sample of the survey. The schools will be indiscriminately selected from each distt. Instrument: Questionnaire will be used as a information roll uping tool from the mark population. This will include three types of questionnaires, i.e. Questionnaire 1 for EEDOs/EDOs, Questionnaire 2 for principals, and Questionnaire 3 for senior instructors. FIELD Testing: To measure the cogency of these questionnaires, these will be administered in 10 schools and among the territory instruction officers. If there is any short approach in the instrument, it will be farther modified and improved. DATA ANALYSIS: Relevant statistical tools will be applied for analysis of informations.RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND HYPOTESIS:This survey will turn to the following the inquiries ; What are instructional stuffs? What are the classs of instructional media? What are the types and utilizations of instructional stuff to instruction? What are the differences between instructional stuff and jury-rigged stuff? What are the similarities between multimedia and instructional media? What is the importance of instructional stuff in the field of instruction? What is the difference between instructional stuff and instructional tool?

Factors Affecting Academic Achievement in Children

Factors affecting academic achievement in children By Aaron shen Nowadays people are concerneed about education so much due to it has inevitable influence on academic achievement. But what is academic success? More and More studies have been taken to show different ideas about factors affecting academic achievement in . It’s clear that teachers’ assistants are no longer a popular point. Instead,researhers found that the size of the class is a noticable factor.Of course,tradtional ideas are still very useful to consture it such as teaching method,teaching equipment,personal qualities,families and so on. Jeremy Finn of the State University of New York and Charles M. Achilles of Eastern Michiggan University found ‘an array of benefits of small classes’in their review. In their study,they drew a conclusion that students in the small classes performed better than those who were in the larger classes. Increasing data and study are proving this idea. Due to all th e studies,it’s easy to say why this happens.First,fewer students in the classroom seem to translate into less noise and disruptive behaviour from students,which not only give the teacher more time for class but also more freedom to engage students creatively. Undoubtfully,this will help improve academic achievement. However,some new points are put forward arguing that although students can gain initial benefit from small classes,the STAR data cannot prove that the gains persist for years after a student has returned to a normal-sized class. The example of Japan is typical to testify that teaching method is a necessary factor.It is well known that classes in Asia are large,but why Asian childen do so well in such classes compared to the small classes in American and oher developed countries? The legendary is the way accroding to Catherinne lewis who is an expert on the Japanese educational system and a senior researcher at Mills College. Such discipline is not imposed by fears ome teachers. Instead,students are honored to be chosen to lead lessons,and they take turns to do it,experiencing firsthand what it is like to quieten down an unruly group of students.As a result,teachers mange the class by this rather than punishing and rewarding. What’s more,Japanese teachers spend more time with their students which centainly help studennts to learn well both in study and life skills.. All in all there are lots of factors that will affect academic achievement. Except what have been mentioned above,families and intelligence are very necessary factors as well. This eassy aims to study and tries to explain all of these aspects.

Dollhouse Paper Essay

Love may be compared to a child’s dollhouse. Their dreams and aspirations in life start with the simple imaginations they build while playing with the said toy. From the way they perceive the entrance to be, to the little details of the house, these dreams begin with a little imagination that become a reality, as they grow older. I guess the little things are the ones that matter after all.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As a little girl, I have imagined a lot of things while playing with my toys. This is where I have built my perceptions about life, in general, and how it was to get married and have my own family. I imagined everything, down to the smallest detail, with a commercial model as my partner. Funny at first, but I never imagined that I would actually live to do the things that I have dreamed of as a young girl.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I grew up to become an architect with my bestfriend, Alex. Being friends since we were five years old, we overcomed heartaches and struggledto go on with life together. We knew very well the strengths and weaknesses of each other, making our friendship stronger as time passed by. We practically planned how our future will be when we have our own families. The funny thing there was, Alex never really had a girlfriend. My two relationships ended with me choosing to be with Alex rather than with them. Somehow, I could not imagine myself living a life without the bestfriend I have known for many years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The time came when Alex was starting to change. Whenever his phone rang, he would immediately tell me that he has to go, and would not say where. I was beginning to feel jealous about the whole situation, for he was not around whenever I needed him to be. I was not used to this kind of treatment from him. I was deemed to find out what was happening. I followed him during one day, from his house to the bowling arena. I was surprised with what I saw—a pretty young blonde, who looked like me was hugging and laughing with my bestfriend. I was furious. I stormed towards them, and told shouted on the girl. They were both surprised with what I did, then Alex asked me why I did that. I couldn’t answer him, so I left.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Months have passed, and Alex and I were still not communicating. I was embarrassed with my actions, and decided not to take any of his calls. I felt desolated. I came to the realization that I was in love with my bestfriend for as long as I can remember. Now, it was too late for me to fix things with the love of my life. I tried calling him several times, but he never answered. Then one day, I got a call from Alex’ girlfriend, saying that they were involved in an accident. She knew how much I meant to Alex, so she said that she wanted me to be there beside him. I rushed to his aide, crying, regretting the things that I have said on the day we argued. I knew that I was in love with my bestfriend, but I had no way of fixing it. Alex has a girlfriend now, and nothing in the world could ever change it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When Alex opened his eyes, his girlfriend was there beside him. I was uncomfortable. I knew that I was the one who should be seated beside him. I decided to stay outside, just in case he did not want to see me. I felt nervous. I did not know how to react when the time came that we had to see each other face to face. I did not want to lose him again, nor did I want to end our friendship. I decided to accept the fact that he could never be mine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Soon after, his girlfriend followed me and told me that Alex was looking for me. I followed her and stood at his bedside. â€Å"Finally†, he said. I was confused with how he reacted. Then both the girl and Alex smiled. Then Alex said, â€Å"I am happy that you are here. Atleast now I know that I meant a lot to you.† Then the girl said, â€Å"Louise, I am not his girlfriend. I am his closest cousin, Sandy.   Alex brought me to the bowling arena to play your favorite sport. He has told me a lot about you, and said how important you were in his life†. I admit, that I was really embarrassed with the situation that I was in. Then Louise opened the dresser and pulled out what seemed to be a  Ã‚   dollhouse. â€Å"This is something that I have reserved for you all theses years, Louise.† A two-story peach house with a wide garden, a patio, and a terrace on the second floor surprised me. It was the   house that I imagined myself to have since I was seven. I felt tears accumulating in my eyes. Then Alex added, â€Å"this is the reason why I studied Architecture. When we were younger, I promised you that I will build your dream house. This is the design I built, Louise – my years of love all placed in   this house.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From then on, Alex and I were never separated. We know have two children and are living   in my dreamhouse, which we have worked for. As for my dollhouse, it was placed in one part of our living room, that symbolized our love for each other.

Is Road Salt Damaging to the Environment

Road salt – or deicer – is used to melt ice and snow from paved roadways in the winter. In North America it is used regularly in northern states and provinces, and on high elevation roads. Road salt improves tire adherence to the pavement, greatly increasing vehicle safety, but it has effects on the environment beyond the road surface. What Is Road Salt? Road salt is not necessarily table salt, or sodium chloride. A wide variety of products exists on the market to melt snow and ice, including sodium chloride, calcium chloride, even beet juice. Sometimes salt is spread as a highly concentrated brine instead of in solid form. Most deicers fundamentally work the same way, lowering the freezing point of water by adding ions, which are charged particles. In the case of table salt for example, each NaCl molecule yields a positive sodium ion and a negative chloride ion. In large enough concentrations, the different ions released by road salt have detrimental effects on the environment. Road salt is applied before and during ice and snow events, at rates that vary according to the local conditions. A planning tool from the Salt Institute estimates that transportation authorities need to plan for hundreds of pounds of salt per mile of two-lane road, per storm. Approximately 2.5 million tons of road salt are applied annually to roadways in the Chesapeake Bay watershed alone. Dispersion The salt does not evaporate or otherwise disappear; it disperses away from the road in one of two ways. Dissolved in melt water, salt enters streams, ponds, and groundwater, contributing to water pollution. Secondly, aerial dispersion comes from dry salt getting kicked up by tires and as salty melt water is turned into airborne droplets by passing vehicles and sprayed away from the road. Substantial amounts of road salt can be found 100 m (330 feet) away from roads, and measurable amounts are still observed beyond 200 m (660 ft). Road Salt Effects On groundwater. Salt seeps into groundwater where it can reside for long periods of time, in turn affecting human, animal, and vegetation health. Contaminated wells have to be abandoned. Over a 20-year period, the New Hampshire Department of Transportation replaced 424 private wells due to road salt contamination, at a cost of $3.2 million.On vegetation. Leaf damage and dieback is commonly observed along roads, but these effects can extend some distance away. Salt-tolerant invasive species, for example Japanese knotweed, take over road sides.On aquatic life. Salt in ponds and lakes create a salt water layer at the bottom, imprisoning nutrients away from aquatic plants and animals. In addition, elevated concentrations of salt in freshwater has detrimental effects on the growth, reproduction, and survival of a large range of invertebrates, fish, and amphibians.  On mammals and birds. Drinking of salt water can lead to salt toxicity. Small birds confuse salt crystals with grit, and th e ingestion of small amounts leads to acute toxicity and death.On wildlife collisions. Large mammals like deer and moose are attracted to the salt along roadways, habituating them to traffic and increasing risks of dangerous collisions. Ultimately, human lives are saved by the use of road salt in winter. Research into safe alternatives to road salt is important: active research is ongoing with beet juice, cheese brine, and other agricultural byproducts.  Ã‚   What Can I Do? Encourage your municipality to use road salt smartly. The twin cities in Minnesota have reduced their salt application significantly simply by adopting optimal application strategies. And it saves money, too.Reduce your own salt application. Shovel well and shovel often. Removing snow before it is walked on or driven upon prevents the formation of a hard-packed, slippery snow layer.Choose safer alternatives for your walkway and driveway. Although they are not entirely problem free, products like calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) and sand are reasonable alternatives.   Sources Illinois DOT. Accessed January 21, 2014. Atmospheric Dispersion Study of Deicing Salt Applied to Roads New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services. Accessed January 21, 2014. Environmental, health, and economic impacts of road salt. The Salt Institute. Accessed January 21, 2014. The Snowfighter’s Handbook: a Practical Guide for Snow and Ice Control.

Café de Coral Holdings Limited International Business...

SBS6481 International Business Strategy UON DBA Program Block 5, 2013 (November 17th 2013) Group Written Report Cafà © de Coral Holdings Limited International Business Development Plan to enter Australia market Provided by H.E.L. Management Consulting Company Limited contents Pages 1. Executive Summary 3 2. Introduction 4 3. Industry Based view Analysis 5-6 4. Resource Based view Analysis 7-11 5. Institution Based view Analysis 12-15 6. Recommendations 15-16 7. References 17-19 8. Appendices 20-25 2 1. Executive Summary This group consulting project aims to devise an international business development plan for Cafà © de Coral Holdings Limited in order to assist†¦show more content†¦The purpose of this report is to provide a preliminary recommendation on whether to enter Australia by which entry mode. The primary focus of the report is evaluation the fast food service industry in Australia, Following from the resources-based view and the institutionalbased view to make decision for Cafà © de Coral to choose the international franchising strategy of Manchu Wok restaurant franchising chain to enter Australia QSR market. 4 3. Industry-based view analysis: Fast food industry in Australia. McDonald’s Australia opened its first store in 1971 (Ritchie, 1990). Forty two years have passed, the fast food industry in Australia continues to feed this nation which has the population of 23,278,323 (ABS, 2013). Geographically, when compare with other Asia-Pacific countries, Australia fast food market value accounts for 5.1% in this region (Appendix 1). The outlook of the market is forecast to achieve the value of $5,767.1 million, an increase of 13.7% since 2011 (Appendix 2). The changing attractiveness and performance of this industry consistently influenced by five competitive forces. According to Michael Porter’s theory, these forces come from buyer, supplier, new entrants, substitutes and competitors respectively. These five competitive forces which drive competition in the fast food market in AustraliaShow MoreRelatedTo compare the financial performance of Caf√ © De Coral Limited and Fairwood Holdings Limited5664 Words   |  23 Pagesï » ¿To compare the financial performance of Cafà © De Coral Limited and Fairwood Holdings Limited By Cheng Ho Lam Ip Ka Yung Kong Chin To Leung Chi Hung Ng Ho Pong Ngai Yiu Lun Presented to Department of Business Administration Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education (Kwun Tong) For Higher Diploma in Accountancy (21901F/4B) 2013/2014 Abstract Cafà © de Coral Holdings Limited (Cafà © de Coral) and Fairwood Holdings Limited (Fairwood) are two large catering quick service chains in Hong KongRead MoreComment on the pros and cons of privatization of social welfare services in Hong Kong society. 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